Cov kabmob ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab yog qhov tsis zoo, thiab seb lawv qhov kev khiav haujlwm zoo puas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv.Hauv cov khoom siv cement thiab cov khoom siv, muaj ntau qhov teeb meem ntawm cov khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm los ntawm kev ua tsis tiav thaum ntxov ntawm dov bearings.Yog li ntawd, nrhiav kom paub cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm qhov ua txhaum, noj cov tshuaj kho, thiab tshem tawm qhov txhaum yog ib qho ntawm cov yuam sij rau kev txhim kho qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev.

1 Kev soj ntsuam yuam kev ntawm dov bearings

1.1 Vibration tsom xam ntawm dov bearing

Ib txoj hauv kev rau dov bearings ua tsis tau yog qhov yooj yim qaug zog spalling ntawm lawv cov kev sib cuag dov.{Hnub noHot} Hom kev tev no, thaj chaw tev tawm yog li 2mm2, thiab qhov tob yog 0.2mm ~ 0.3mm, uas tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas qhov vibration ntawm lub monitor.Spalling tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm cov haiv neeg sab hauv, cov haiv neeg sab nrauv lossis cov ntsiab lus dov.Ntawm lawv, cov haiv neeg sab hauv feem ntau tawg vim muaj kev sib cuag siab.

Ntawm cov txheej txheem kuaj mob ntau yam siv rau dov bearings, kev vibration saib xyuas txoj kev tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.Feem ntau hais lus, cov txheej txheem tshawb xyuas lub sijhawm yog qhov yooj yim, haum rau lub sijhawm uas muaj suab nrov me ntsis, thiab yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev kuaj mob yooj yim;ntawm cov kev kuaj mob ntau zaus, cov txheej txheem resonance demodulation yog cov paub tab thiab txhim khu kev qha, thiab tsim nyog rau kev kuaj xyuas meej ntawm cov kabmob faults;lub sij hawm- Txoj kev tsom xam zaus zoo ib yam li cov qauv resonance demodulation, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub sijhawm thiab zaus ntawm qhov teeb meem txhaum cai, uas yog qhov zoo dua.

1.2 Kev soj ntsuam ntawm daim ntawv puas ntawm dov bearings thiab kev kho mob

(1) Ntau dhau.Qhov hnyav hnyav hnyav hnyav thiab hnav, qhia tias qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov kabmob dov vim kev qaug zog thaum ntxov tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm dhau (ntxiv rau, nruj heev kuj yuav ua rau muaj qee qhov qaug zog).Kev thauj khoom ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau cov kabmob hnyav hnyav hnyav, hnyav hnyav thiab qee zaum overheating.Txoj kev kho yog txo cov load ntawm cov kabmob lossis nce lub peev xwm ntawm cov kabmob.

(2) Overheating.Ib qho kev hloov ntawm cov xim nyob rau hauv raceways ntawm cov chais, cov khoom, los yog lub tawb qhia tau hais tias cov kabmob muaj overheated.Qhov nce ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yuav txo cov nyhuv ntawm cov roj nplua nyeem, kom cov roj suab puam tsis yooj yim rau kev tsim lossis ploj tag.Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias dhau lawm, cov khoom siv ntawm txoj kev sib tw thiab cov pob hlau yuav raug muab tshem tawm, thiab qhov hardness yuav txo qis.Qhov no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov cua sov dissipation lossis cua txias tsis txaus nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav thiab kev kub ceev.Txoj kev daws yog kom tag nrho cov cua sov dissipate thiab ntxiv txias ntxiv.

(3) Tsawg load vibration yaig.Elliptical hnav cov cim tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm axial ntawm txhua lub pob steel, uas qhia tias tsis ua hauj lwm los ntawm kev co sab nraud ntau dhau los yog tsis tshua muaj kev sib tham thaum lub bearing tsis ua haujlwm thiab tsis muaj lubricating roj zaj duab xis tau tsim.Txoj kev kho yog cais cov kabmob los ntawm kev vibration lossis ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hnav rau cov roj ntawm cov kabmob, thiab lwm yam.

(4) teeb meem kev teeb tsa.Feem ntau them sai sai rau cov hauv qab no:

Ua ntej, xyuam xim rau lub installation quab yuam.Spaced indentations nyob rau hauv raceway qhia tau hais tias lub load tau tshaj qhov elastic txwv ntawm cov khoom.Qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm static overload los yog kev cuam tshuam loj heev (xws li ntaus tus kabmob nrog rauj thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa, thiab lwm yam).Txoj kev txhim kho kom raug yog siv dag zog nkaus xwb rau lub nplhaib kom nias (tsis txhob thawb lub nplhaib sab nraud thaum txhim kho lub nplhaib sab hauv ntawm lub ncej).

Thib ob, xyuam xim rau kev teeb tsa kev taw qhia ntawm angular hu bearings.Angular contact bearings muaj thaj tsam elliptical thiab dais axial thrust nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia nkaus xwb.Thaum cov kabmob tau sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv qhov kev taw qhia, vim hais tias lub pob steel yog nyob rau ntawm ntug ntawm txoj kev sib tw, ib qho zawj-zoo li tus coj cheeb tsam yuav raug tsim tawm ntawm qhov chaw thauj khoom.Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau qhov tseeb installation kev taw qhia thaum lub sij hawm installation.

Thib peb, xyuam xim rau kev sib tw.Cov khoom hnav ntawm cov pob steel yog skewed thiab tsis sib npaug rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm txoj kev sib tw, qhia tias cov kabmob tsis yog nruab nrab thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa.Yog tias qhov deflection yog> 16000, nws yuav yooj yim ua rau qhov kub ntawm cov kabmob nce thiab ua rau hnyav hnyav.Yog vim li cas tej zaum yuav yog hais tias lub ncej yog khoov, ncej los yog lub thawv muaj burrs, nias nto ntawm lub xauv txiv ntseej yog tsis perpendicular mus rau lub xov axis, thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas xyuas cov radial runout thaum lub sij hawm installation.

Plaub, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas rau kev sib koom tes kom raug.Circumferential hnav los yog discoloration ntawm lub rooj sib tham qhov chaw ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nrauv ntawm cov kabmob yog tshwm sim los ntawm xoob haum ntawm cov kabmob thiab nws cov khoom sib txuam.Cov oxide uas ua los ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog xim av dawb huv abrasive, uas yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li kev hnav ntxiv ntawm cov kabmob, kev tsim hluav taws xob, lub suab nrov thiab radial runout, yog li yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau qhov haum thaum sib dhos.

Lwm qhov piv txwv yog tias muaj qhov hnyav hnyav hnyav nyob rau hauv qab ntawm txoj kev sib tw, uas qhia tau hais tias cov kabmob tshem tawm me dua vim yog qhov haum nruj, thiab cov kabmob tsis tuaj yeem sai vim hnav thiab qaug zog vim qhov nce ntawm torque thiab nce. nyob rau hauv bearing kub.Lub sijhawm no, tsuav yog qhov radial clearance rov qab zoo thiab kev cuam tshuam raug txo, qhov teeb meem no tuaj yeem daws tau.

(5) Kev qaug zog tsis ua haujlwm.Cov khoom siv tsis tu ncua tshwm sim ntawm txhua qhov chaw khiav dej num (xws li txoj kev sib tw lossis lub pob hlau), thiab maj mam nthuav mus ua kom muaj qhov nce ntxiv, uas yog qhov ua rau qaug zog tsis ua haujlwm.Yog tias lub neej ntawm cov bearings zoo tib yam tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev siv, nws tsuas yog tuaj yeem rov xaiv cov kabmob qib siab dua lossis nce qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm thawj-chav bearings kom nce lub peev xwm ntawm cov kabmob.

(6) lubrication tsis zoo.Tag nrho cov dov bearings yuav tsum tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lubrication nrog cov roj lubricants zoo los tswj lawv cov kev ua tau zoo.Cov kabmob tso siab rau cov yeeb yaj kiab roj tsim los ntawm cov khoom sib tw thiab cov kev sib tw los tiv thaiv kev sib cuag ntawm cov hlau-rau-hlau.Yog tias lubricated zoo, kev sib txhuam tuaj yeem txo kom nws tsis hnav.

Thaum cov kabmob khiav, lub viscosity ntawm cov roj los yog cov roj lubricating yog tus yuam sij kom ntseeg tau tias nws lub cev muaj roj;Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem ceeb heev kom cov roj lubricating huv si thiab tsis muaj cov khoom los yog kua impurities.Lub viscosity ntawm cov roj yog tsawg dhau los ua kom tag nrho lubricate, kom lub nplhaib lub rooj zaum hnav sai sai.Thaum pib, cov hlau ntawm lub nplhaib lub rooj zaum thiab cov hlau nto ntawm lub dov lub cev ncaj qha sib cuag thiab rub tawm ib leeg, ua rau qhov chaw du heev?Tom qab ntawd kev sib txhuam qhuav tshwm sim?Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub rooj zaum lub nplhaib yog crushed los ntawm cov khoom me me crushed rau saum npoo ntawm lub cev dov.Qhov saum npoo tuaj yeem pom thawj zaug raws li npub, tarnished tiav, thaum kawg nrog pitting thiab flaking los ntawm qaug zog.Txoj kev kho yog rov xaiv thiab hloov cov roj lubricating lossis roj raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov kabmob.

Thaum cov pa paug paug paug cov roj lubricating los yog roj, txawm tias cov pa phem no me dua qhov nruab nrab tuab ntawm cov roj zaj duab xis, cov khoom tawv tawv tseem yuav ua rau hnav thiab txawm nkag mus rau hauv cov roj zaj duab xis, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab hauv zos ntawm cov kabmob, yog li ntawd tseem ceeb heev. shortening lub neej bearing.Txawm hais tias qhov concentration ntawm cov dej hauv lubricating roj los yog roj tsawg li 0.01%, nws yog txaus kom luv ib nrab ntawm lub neej qub ntawm cov kabmob.Yog tias dej soluble hauv roj lossis roj, lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm cov kabmob yuav txo qis thaum cov dej ntau ntxiv.Txoj kev kho yog hloov cov roj tsis huv lossis roj;Cov ntxaij lim dej zoo dua yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub sijhawm zoo tib yam, kev sib khi yuav tsum tau ntxiv, thiab kev ua haujlwm tu yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau lub sijhawm khaws cia thiab teeb tsa.

(7) Corrosion.Liab los yog xim av stains nyob rau hauv raceways, steel pob, tawb, thiab nplhaib ntawm lub puab thiab sab rings qhia corrosion tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kabmob vim raug corrosive kua los yog gases.Nws ua rau muaj kev vibration ntxiv, nce hnav, nce radial clearance, txo preload thiab, nyob rau hauv huab mob, qaug zog tsis ua hauj lwm.Txoj kev kho yog kom tshem tawm cov kua dej los ntawm cov kabmob los yog ua kom tag nrho thiab sab nraud ntawm cov kabmob.

2 Ua rau thiab kev kho mob ntawm kiv cua bearing tsis ua hauj lwm

Raws li kev txheeb cais tsis tiav, qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm qhov txawv txav ntawm cov kiv cua hauv cov nroj tsuag cement yog siab li 58.6%.Qhov kev vibration yuav ua rau lub kiv cua khiav tsis sib npaug.Ntawm lawv, qhov kev hloov kho tsis raug ntawm lub tes tsho ntawm cov kabmob adapter yuav ua rau qhov kub thiab txias tsis zoo thiab kev co ntawm cov kabmob.

Piv txwv li, ib tsob ntoo cement hloov cov kiv cua thaum lub sij hawm tu cov cuab yeej.Ob sab ntawm lub vane yog fixedly matched nrog cov bearings ntawm lub rooj zaum bearing los ntawm lub tes tsho adapter.Tom qab rov kuaj dua, qhov kub siab ntawm cov kabmob dawb kawg thiab qhov kev ua txhaum ntawm cov nqi vibration siab tau tshwm sim.

Disassemble lub hau sab sauv ntawm lub rooj zaum bearing thiab tig lub kiv cua manually ntawm qeeb ceev.Nws pom tau tias cov kabmob rollers ntawm ib qho chaw ntawm lub rotating ncej kuj yob nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tsis yog-loading.Los ntawm qhov no, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kabmob khiav tawm yog siab thiab qhov kev tshem tawm kev teeb tsa yuav tsis txaus.Raws li kev ntsuas, qhov kev tshem tawm sab hauv ntawm cov kabmob tsuas yog 0.04mm, thiab qhov eccentricity ntawm cov ncej tig mus txog 0.18mm.

Vim yog qhov loj ntawm sab laug thiab sab xis bearings, nws yog ib qho nyuaj kom tsis txhob deflection ntawm lub rotating ncej los yog yuam kev nyob rau hauv lub installation lub kaum sab xis ntawm cov bearings.Yog li ntawd, cov kiv cua loj siv cov menyuam kheej kheej bearings uas tuaj yeem hloov kho qhov chaw.Txawm li cas los xij, thaum qhov kev tshem tawm sab hauv ntawm cov kabmob tsis txaus, qhov kev sib tw sab hauv ntawm cov kabmob raug txwv los ntawm qhov chaw txav, thiab nws qhov chaw nruab nrab tsis siv neeg raug cuam tshuam, thiab tus nqi vibration yuav nce ntxiv.Qhov kev tshem tawm sab hauv ntawm cov kabmob txo qis nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov haum nruj, thiab lubricating roj zaj duab xis tsis tuaj yeem tsim.Thaum lub bearing khiav clearance yog txo mus rau xoom vim kub nce, yog hais tias lub tshav kub generated los ntawm cov bearing kev khiav hauj lwm tseem ntau dua lub dissipated tshav kub, lub bearing kub yuav poob sai sai.Lub sijhawm no, yog tias lub tshuab tsis nres tam sim ntawd, cov kabmob yuav kawg hlawv.Lub nruj haum nruab nrab ntawm lub nplhaib puab ntawm cov kabmob thiab cov ncej yog qhov ua rau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov kabmob hauv qhov no.

Thaum ua tiav, tshem tawm lub tes tsho adapter, kho qhov haum nruj ntawm tus ncej thiab lub nplhaib puab, thiab siv 0.10mm rau qhov sib txawv tom qab hloov cov kabmob.Tom qab reinstallation, rov pib lub kiv cua, thiab cov nqi vibration ntawm cov kabmob thiab cov kev khiav hauj lwm kub rov qab mus rau qhov qub.

Kev tshem tawm me me dhau ntawm cov kabmob lossis cov qauv tsim tsis zoo thiab kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov kabmob.Lub tsev bearing.Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem muaj teeb meem vim kev tsis saib xyuas hauv cov txheej txheem installation, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev hloov kho kom raug tshem tawm.Qhov kev tshem tawm sab hauv ntawm cov kabmob me me dhau lawm, thiab kev ua haujlwm kub tau nce sai;lub taper qhov ntawm lub nplhaib puab ntawm cov kabmob thiab lub tes tsho adapter yog xoob heev, thiab cov kabmob yog qhov ua tsis tiav thiab kub hnyiab nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv vim yog loosening ntawm mating nto.

3 Kev xaus

Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm cov bearings yuav tsum tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau hauv kev tsim, tu, lubrication tswj, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev siv.Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, kev saib xyuas tus nqi ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab tuaj yeem raug txo, thiab kev ua haujlwm thiab kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv.